Great Lakes Restoration Initiative

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Every dollar spent on GLRI produces $3.35 of additional economic activity.

The Great Lakes supply drinking water to 30 million Americans. Since its inception, GLRI has allocated approximately $4.9 billion, funding more than 8,100 restoration projects – many of which take place in our national parks. These projects are aimed at cleaning up toxic pollution and improving water quality, restoring native habitat and combatting invasive species.

NPCA has played a leading role in the Healing our Waters (HOW) Coalition since its fruition in 2004. As a national co-chair for this group, the coalition brings together representatives from 185 organizations that have one goal in common: to restore and protect the Great Lakes.

GLRI’s Long Term Goals Include:

1. Delisting All Areas of Concern or Toxic Areas

2. Ensuring clean, healthy waters for drinking and recreation

3. Ensuring healthy fish populations

4. Combatting invasive species

5. Eliminating harmful algal blooms

6. Restoring and protecting habitat to sustain healthy ecosystems and native species

7. Advancing community and economic revitalization through restoration, particularly in disadvantaged communities

8. Ensuring that ecosystems are resilient to a changing climate

How GLRI Works

The Environmental Protection Agency manages and directs GLRI funding to clean up the most polluted sites in the region. This work is implemented with many federal agencies including the Department of the Interior, Department of Transportation, and others. Coordination among federal agencies and partners is critical to GLRI’s success. The National Park Service is one of the most effective leaders in successfully utilizing these funds to advance restoration efforts in national parks across the region.

Action Plans

Since 2010, federal agencies and partners have come together every five years to create a GLRI action plan. Action plans lay out GLRI’s guiding principles, objectives, and focus areas for the upcoming five years. The fourth edition of the GLRI action plan, which guides the program through 2029, lists five focus areas: toxic substances and Areas of Concern, invasive species, nonpoint source pollution, habitat and wildlife protection and restoration, and foundations for future restoration actions.

Importance of Robust Federal Funding

Despite its successes, GLRI funding is currently set to expire at the end of 2026. To prevent this, NPCA calls on Congress to pass the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative Act of 2025 (H.R.284/S.528), which would authorize $500 million for GLRI each year from 2027 through 2031.

Outcomes, Future and Economic Impact

In its 15-year history, GLRI has made substantial progress towards protecting the Great Lakes. 530,000 acres of habitat, including over 72,000 acres of coastal wetlands, have been protected, restored, or enhanced because of GLRI, and more than 8,170 river-miles have been cleared for fish passage.

While GLRI’s ecological impact is profound, its economic impact cannot be overstated. For every $1 spent on GLRI, nearly $4 in additional economic activity is produced. Our 10 national parks in the Great Lakes welcome nearly 9 million visitors annually and collectively support more than $614 million in economic activity and thousands of jobs. Together, they protect more than 620 miles of Great Lakes shoreline, beaches, dunes and wetlands.